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The Al-Badr ((ベンガル語:আল বদর), originally from the (アラビア語:البدر) meaning ''full moon'') was a paramilitary wing of the West Pakistan Army, which operated in Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) against the Bengali nationalist movement during the Bangladesh Liberation War.〔R. Sisson and L. E. Rose. ''Pakistan, India, and the Creation of Bangladesh'', University of California Press, 1990, p. 165.〕 Members of Al-Badr were recruited from public schools and madrasas (religious schools). The unit was used for raids and special operations;〔 the West Pakistan army command initially planned to use the locally recruited militias (Al-Badr, Razakar, Al-Shams) for policing cities of East Pakistan, and regular army units to defend the border with India.〔A. R. Siddiqui, ''East Pakistan - the Endgame: An Onlooker's Journal 1969-1971'', Oxford University Press, 2004.〕 Most members of Al-Badr appear to have been Biharis.〔Siddiqui 1990, p. 153.〕 Journalist Azadur Rahman Chandan wrote, 'Islami Chhatro Shongho became very ambitious for some undesired experience of Peace Committee and Razakar. On 15 May 1971 the Mojlish E Shura (advisory council) of Jamaat-e-Islami proposed to form a separate Razakar force by recruiting the workers of Islami Chhatro Shongho. Pakistani army authority kept it hanging. But there were some officers in Pakistani army who were thinking of other measures in context of the activities of Razakars and Peace Committee. Major Riaj Hussain Malik of Baluch regiment is one of them. He took positive measure in this regard at first. After being active in the front for one and half month he started to believe that they should not depend much on Razakar force.' 〔Chandan, আলবদর ছিল গোপন কমান্ডো বাহিনী, http://www.kalantor.net/?p=116.〕 Chandan also wrote, In an interview to Salim Manur Khalid he (Major Riaj) explained the consequence of forming Al- Badr force: 'The enemies are more in numbers. Insurgents are in formidable strength. We had no communication and surveillance system and supply of arms and ammunition was irregular. Our men were not accustomed to Bengali language and its natural environment because this sort of situation was not included in our training. Under this circumstance, it had become very hard to do the duty of defending motherland. We needed a group of patriotic Bengalese for defending who will be able to help us in protecting Pakistan. In first one and half month our experience with Razakar force became a failure. But in my sector I was observing that the Bengali students of Islami Chhatra Shongho were doing their duty of defense, leadership and maintaining secrecy very constructively. Therefore I made the students united separately with a hesitating mind as I had no permission from high command. They were 47 in number and they all were the workers of Islami Chhatro Shongho. On 16 May 1971 at Sherpur (Mymensingh district) they were a given a short term military training. After being introduced with their devotion and their merit to acquire the war strategies I delivered a speech to them. In midst of my speech I told them spontaneously that children of Islam like you who have such character such merit and such strength should be entitled as Al Badr. Just like lightning I got the idea that I could name the organization as Al Badr. This name and separate training for the students were so effective that within a few months the work of organizing the all students of Islami Chhatro Shongho became accomplished. The first commander of Al Badr was Kamran and he was a student of I.SC.' ==Background== The name of the paramilitary formation, Al-Badr, may refer to the Battle of Badr. Together with the Razakar and Al-Shams, Al-Badr was formed in order to counter the guerrilla activities of the Mukti Bahini which grew increasingly organised and militarily successful during in the second half of 1971. All three groups operated under Pakistani command,〔Opposition Leader Sheikh Hasina’s parliamentary speech given on 16 April 1992 on the subject of Golam Azam and the public tribunal, in DOCUMENTS ON CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY COMMITTED BY PAKISTAN ARMY AND THEIR AGENTS IN BANGLADESH DURING 1971 137 (1999–2002)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Al-Badr (East Pakistan)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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